Mahatma Gandhi and the Philosophy of Satyagraha
Mohandas Karam Chandra Gandhi, whom we all refer to as Mahatma Gandhi or The Father of the Nation was the inventor of satyagraha. The title Mahatma which literary means a high-soul was given to him for inspiring the nation for civil rights and freedom across the world using non-violence and civil disobedience movements. He was the heart and soul of the fight for independence and brought down the British Empire to its knees by his very own weapons of non-violence, brotherhood and Satyagraha.
Courtesy: www.pulitzer.org
Viceroys of India
After the Government of India Act, 1858, the Governor-General was called Viceroy of India.
CHOLA ADMINISTRATION
The Chola Empire was the first feudatory of the Pallavas of Kanchi which was founded by Vijayalaya. The Cholas have left behind fantastic architectural pieces and culture. It certainly had left behind a long lasting legacy. It is due to them that we see some great temples and buildings in Tamil Nadu. Also they contributed immensely to the Tamil Literature.The king went on regular tours to ensure efficient administration.
Industry and Trade during British rule
The industrial populations of India, before modern methods of production were introduced, were of two types, the village artisans and those engaged in specialisation crafts in the towns. The craftsmen in the towns made goods of utility as well as luxury products and had markets both inside and outside the country.
1857 Revolts
The British conquest of India was nearly complete by 1856. The process of British conquest was not a smooth one because there was hardly a year during this period when there was no revolt against the British in one part of the country or the other. The mightiest of these revolts broke out in 1857, which shook the very foundations of the British rule in India.
COMMUNALISM IN INDIA
Communalism refers to a politics that seeks to unify one community around a religious identity in hostile opposition to another community. It seeks to define this community identity as fundamental and fixed. It attempts to consolidate this identity and present it as natural – as if people were born into the identity, as if the identities do not evolve through history over time.
Development of Indian Press
“Press” generally refers to any media that provides news on national and international issues and various scientific developments. press is the voice of people living in a democratic nation like India. It plays a vital role in bringing the real picture of the society.
Freedom of press refers to freedom of speech and expression which is a fundamental right of every citizen. Liberty of people is not complete without this right. Press keeps an eye on the liberty of the people. Press serves the best in removing any harsh Government or to stand against dictatorship, anarchy and malpractices. it is because of these functions that press sometimes also referred as the necessary pre-condition to the fulfilment of democratic ideologies. The evolution of Indian Press are discussed below:
Land Reform in post independent India [Part-I]
After independence,the Government of India is aware that agricultural development in India could be achieved only with the reform of India’s rural institutional structure. It was said that the extent of the utilisation of agricultural resources would be determined by the institutional framework under which the various inputs were put to use. Land reform, a purposive change in the way in which agricultural land is held or owned, the methods of cultivation that are employed, or the relation of agriculture to the rest of the economy.
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