Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
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Developmental projects are an essential component of economic development and progress of a country.
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To prevent adverse impacts of developmental projects and programmes an environment, Environmental Impact Assessment or EIA is carried out before the implementation.
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While development is important, more important is environmental protection so that there is sustainable development and the environmental resources remain available to future generations.
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EIA is tool for anticipating any harmful effects or developmental activities on the environment. As it clears the project plans only after mitigating all probable damaging effects on the environment.
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As a tool EIA improves decision making and ensures environmental safety.
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With EIA, a project is implemented with minimal damage to the environment.
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Important aspects of EIA are risk assessment, environmental management and post product monitoring.
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Integrity, utility and sustainability are the core values of EIA.
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There are several legal bases of EIA as it not only appraises environmental health but also the social implications of planned developmental projects.
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In India the projects that require clearance for the government are related to industries, mining power plants, river valley projects, nuclear power projects and coastal regulation zone (CRZ).
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The environmental components of EIA are associated with air, water, organisms, noise, and land.
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The EIA report is prepared after the following are carried out: collection of baseline data; prediction of impact; evaluation of net cost benefit versus evolution of impacts; monitoring strategies and mitigation strategies and their quantities estimation; and environmental monitoring plans.
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EIA processes are screening, scoping, and collection of baseline data, impact prediction, mitigation measures, public hearing, decision making, monitoring and implementing EMP and risk assessment.
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Experts from ecosystem management, pollution control, resource management, land use planning, rehabilitation project appraisal, ecology, and NGOs concerned with environmental issues
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Procedure for Environmental appraisal in India stepwise are submission of documents by investor, scrutiny by multidisciplinary staff or Ministry of Environment and Forests, placement before experts and evaluation by them, recommendations from Appraisal Committees are their passed by Ministry of Environment and Forests, and ministry accepts or rejects proposal.
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Clearance or rejection issues are (a) single window clearance (b) time frame and (c) post project monitoring.
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The participants in EIA are (i) developer who proposes the project, (ii) government departments which regulate the projects and (iii) the general public
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There are various steps in forestry clearance or for obtaining environmental clearance for various projects.
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An effective EIA is focused, time bound, cost effective and reliable.
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I appreciate how you mentioned that the environmental impact assessment is beneficial because it can anticipate any potentially harmful effects of a project on the environment. My friend is thinking of building a barn on his property, but he wants to make sure that it is in compliance with local laws and regulations before he starts building. I’m sure he’d be thrilled to hear that a professional environmental impact assessment provider can help him ensure that his project will not negatively impact the land.
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